In this article, two musical projects organised at the beginning of the French military intervention in Mali lead me to question the politicisation of Malian musical stages that went along the start of the armed conflict in 2012. These projects allow me to consider firstly the role of musical interactions in the making of often contrasted ideals of peace and national reconciliation. Secondly, I study the backstage of the representations of peace, and the ambiguous place occupied by Tuareg musicians, considered as spokespersons of the « rebels » but also as guarantors of national cohesion. Finally, I draw on the articulation of ethnic, national and global representations to advance some considerations on the construction of contradictory identity markers that characterise the Malian nation in the midst of conflict.